1. Solipsism
www.the-spearhead.com
Solipsism is a philosophical idea that we can be sure about the existing of only one thing – our mind. According to this system we can’t be sure that anything else is there, so we can know about nothing else. The self is the only thing that we are aware of: do the trees and birds exist? No one knows. However, all this theory has achieved is deriving a name for a dissociative mental state named solipsism syndrome.
2. Moral Absolutism
www.synapses.co.za
Today we live in a world of relative things, so this can sound really weird. According to moral absolutists there are absolute rights and wrongs, whatever the context is. It gives, for today’s point of view, strange answer to the question if it’s ok to do a wrong deed for greater purpose. They would say that lying is not ok, so… Solipsists wouldn’t be the ones who wonder if the moral even exists here.
3. Ethical Egoism
www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
Unlike the moral absolutists, ethical egoists would do anything if that’s of their best interest, whether the context is. It is another extreme point of view, which approves any action that maximizes someone’s well being. It seems that stealing money from an ethical egoist is not that bad, and they will support you in your efforts to reach pleasure.
4. Phenomenalism
www.pankajspeaks.com
Phenomenalism is a philosophical view that holds a position that we can’t be sure that anything exist until we perceive it and verify. Actually, you must see something and then you can be sure of its existence. So, if you haven’t seen aliens yet, it does prove that we are alone. If you haven’t perceived Bora Bora yet, it might not be there. However, you can till dream about sandy beaches, whether you have seen it or not.
5. Logical Atomism
www.alldownloadlinks.com
Bertrand Russell implemented the chemistry in philosophy and developed this idea which says that the whole world consist only simple facts, or atoms, that can not be broken down any further. If you want to understand any truth you should first understand the whole truth and then try to get to know something about every single “atom.” That the philosophy is strange proves the fact that the followers of Russell do not accept his views.
6. Innatism
www.thequalityfactory.com
When some people tried to empower the position of the church in society, they invented the innatism, a philosophical view which claims that people are born with some innate ideas, or knowledge about certain things. Unlike the theory that humans are born as “tabula rasa” and then learn from experiences, this theory says that everyone since born knows simple math truths and a lot of religious truths as well. Can’t you smell Vatican here?
7. Animism
www.etm.pdx.edu
As the name says, there’s “anima” in certain things. But not only in humans and animals, but also in rocks, trees, sand, water, wind and so on. It’s not clear why this is considered as a philosophy, as it seems like a religious view of Native Americans. Although it’s not built upon science it provides some answers to unknown questions, but only in primitive societies.
8. Neutral Monism
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Neutral monism is a metaphysical view that the mental and the physical are two ways of organizing or describing the same elements, which are “neutral,” neither mental nor physical. According to this philosophy mental and physical are not two different things. The Universe is consisted of only one kind of stuff, which is neutral. These neutral things get shape and color only through our perception.
9. Mythopoeic Thought
www.the-end-time.blogspot.com
The name says enough for itself – it is closely related to myths. According to this philosophy instead of generalizations and impersonal laws, there had been a mythopoeic stage when humans saw each event as an act of will on the part of some personal being. It is believed that this theory had been established in ancient times, when people created myths where all acts are wish of gods and spirits.
10. Idealism
www.dribbleglass.com
Although it was one of the most popular philosophies ever, the idealism is kind of confusing theory. Idealists say that there are no foundational beliefs, but our beliefs exist in a complex system of interconnected, so no one’s belief is more important than someone else’s. If you want to find the ultimate “right,” than this is not the theory for you, as the circle of seeking it is infinite.
